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Hot dip galvanized UNE EN ISO1461

Galvanized General What is it? What does it consist of?

Hot dip galvanizing is the process of immersing finished steel-iron pieces in a boiler or bath of molten zinc at 450ºC. The objective of galvanizing is to prevent oxidation, corrosion that humidity and environmental pollution can cause. cause on the metal, but what we really obtain with this procedure is an interaction between the metal and the molten zinc, obtaining alloys between these two elements on the piece that protect against corrosion in the most effective way.

But it is important to highlight that the result is an alloy, not a coating, thanks to this procedure we obtain a much more resistant material, with a more durable finish and is optimally protected from oxidation and today. It is the most durable solution against corrosion.

This activity represents approximately the 50% of consumption of zinc in the world and since has been more than 150 years has gone ensuring as the most reliable and economical procedure protection of iron against corrosion.

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European and international standard

The European and international standard UNE EN ISO 1461, which is the standard applicable to the coatings obtained in discontinuous hot-dip galvanising installations on parts and various articles made of iron, steel, cast iron, etc.

In the UNE EN ISO 1461 standard, hot-dip galvanising is defined as the coating of zinc on iron and steel products by immersing these products in a bath of molten zinc, after preparing their surface.
General Description

This standard recognises that the chemical composition of the steel, the mass of the parts themselves and the galvanising conditions can influence the appearance, thickness, texture and physical/mechanical properties of the galvanised coatings obtained on parts in general galvanising installations.

This standard also requires the galvanising bath to contain molten zinc with a total content of other alloying elements or impurities (excluding iron and tin) not exceeding 1.5% by mass. Likewise, the standard indicates in its annexes that information must be provided mutually between the customer and the galvaniser to obtain the best results in terms of the quality of the coatings obtained and the economy of the galvanisation.

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Hot-dip galvanising process

The hot-dip galvanising (HDG) process consists of several stages, degreasing, pickling, rinsing, fluxing and galvanising, cooling, passivation, quality inspection, packaging and shipping.

The standard requires that from each batch of galvanised materials a control sample is taken at random to verify the thickness of the coating. The attached table specifies the minimum number of items to be included in the control sample in relation to the number of items in the inspection lot. It also indicates that, unless otherwise agreed, inspections of galvanised materials shall be carried out before the galvanised materials leave the galvanising plant.

The thicknesses of hot-dip galvanised coatings obtained in galvanising plants on iron and steel parts are proportional to the thicknesses of the material to be galvanised, provided that the galvanising conditions are the same. Therefore, the attached table shows the requirements of the UNE EN ISO 1461 standard in terms of mass and/or thickness of the galvanised coatings on parts that are not centrifuged after galvanisation (medium and large parts).

Galvanised composition

The composition of hot-dip galvanised coatings consists of an outer layer of pure zinc and several inner layers of zinc-iron alloys metallurgically bonded to the base metal and can be even harder than steel, these coatings have very interesting mechanical properties, such as:

  • High abrasion resistance.
  • High resistance to impact.
  • High adhesion, therefore, the standard indicates that it is not normally necessary to carry out adhesion tests of the coating on galvanised materials, given that these are normally capable of withstanding handling congruent with their applications without any peeling or flaking of the coating.

If requested by the customer, the galvaniser shall issue a certificate of conformity with the requirements of UNE EN ISO 1461 (in accordance with ISO 10474).

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